Window



Nov. 15, 1938.

w. c; JONES ET AL.

WINDOW Filed March 30, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l HNVENTORS ATTORNEY w. c. JONES ET AL 2,137,053

WINDOW Nov. 15, 1938.

2 sheets-sheet? Filed March so, 1'95? lNVENTORs ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 15, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE William C. Jones, Tappan, N. Y., and Gustav Siese, Park Ridge, N. J.

Application March 30, 1937, Serial No. 133,784

10 Claims. (01. err-50y This invention relates to improvements in windows and more particularly windows of the double-hung sash type.

Such windows are universally popular despite the fact that they have a number of inherent disadvantages. When the sashes are movedinto positions with one directly behind the other, the relation which opens the window as wide as possible, one half of the open area of the window frame is blocked by the sashes. This seriously affects the ventilation in warm weather, often making it difficult to cool 01? bed rooms on Summer evenings even after the air out of doors has become comfortably cool.

Washing the outside of double-hung sash win. dows is diflicult when attempted from inside the building. First floor windows can sometimes be reached from the ground, but in the 'absence'of a porch roof, balcony, or other standing room, windows above the first floor can be washed efficiently only by climbing through the: window frame and sitting or standing on the sill outside the window. For most housewives this is too strenuous and dangerous, and the result is that upstairs windows are'either left dirty or the washing done by a workman who must be paid for the job.

These difiiculties are overcome by casement windows, but'casement windows have disadvantages of their own. They are much more likely to leak and are difficult to weather strip effecvtively. If a casement window swings inwardly it takes up space in the room, and furniture must be located so as to leave the window an unobstructed arc in which to swing. If the window is hinged so as to open toward the outside it presents a screening problem. Outside screens cannot be used, andan inside screen must not block access to the window. An inside screen that swings may be just as objectionable as an inwardly swinging casement window.

A sliding sash window with the weight of the sash counterbalanced will remain in any position to which it is moved, but a casement window must be hooked or clamped to insure that itwill not blow open or shut. i

It has long been recognized that the ideal window would be one having sashes capable of both sliding and swinging movement. The desideratum has been a windown having all of the advantages of both sliding sash and casement windows. Many attempts have been made in the past to construct such a window, but so far as we are aware all of these attempts have been impractical because they require special and expensive frame construction.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved window construction which obtains both sliding and swinging movement of the sashes. A more specific object of the invention. is to provide such a construction which can be conveniently and economically applied toexisting double-hung sash windows of the type most commonly used in wooden buildings. The invention can be applied to existingwin'dows, and its simplicity makes new windows. in which it is embodied reasonable in cost in comparison with ordinary sliding sash windows.

Windows made in accordance with this invention are easily operated, can be moved up and down when swung open as well as when confined by the stile runways, and are counter-balanced effectively in all positions.

Other objects, features, and advantages of the invention-appear or will be pointed out as the specification proceeds.

, Inthe accompanying drawings, forming part hereof:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a window embodying the invention, with the sashes swung open.

Fig. 2- is a perspective view, partly broken away, of the window shown in Fig. 1, but with the sashes in the positions occupied when the window is closed.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectionalview taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, but with the lower sash raised.

the window shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Figure 9 is a sectional view similar to Figure 3 but taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 2, and with the upper sash lowered.

. The window includes a frame Ill of conventional design. An upper sash I I, has a joint near its left edge com-prising hinges [3 connecting the main bodyof the sash with an outer shoe 15 which has the same height and thickness as the main body ofthe. sash so that when the sash is closed, (i. e. in position toslide up and down in the frame) the outer shoe is, in effect, a con- .tinuation of the main body of the sash as shown in Fig. 5. A weather strip ll attached to the L outer shoe insures against any leakage of air between the shoe l5 and the other part of the sash, but the window can be made without the weather strip if absolute tightness against infiltration is not essential.

The outer shoe I5 is recessed to fit over a track l9 which is fastened to the pulley stile 20 of the frame by countersunk screws 2| (Fig. 3) The track I9 extends for substantially the full height of the pulley stile.

The recess in the outer shoe l5 has a depth slightly less than the height of the track so that the shoe bears against the track and there is a small clearance between the shoe and the pulley stile.

An inner shoe 23 fits loosely within the track I!) and has a ridge 24 which extends through a slot 26 in the track and contacts with the outer shoe 5. The inner and outer shoes are fastened together by screws 25 which connect the hinge Hi to the outer shoe and thread into the inner shoe. The width of the ridge 24 is slightly less than the width of the slot 26. The height of the ridge 24 is a little greater than the height of the side walls of the slot so that there is clearance for the edge portions of the track below the inner and outer shoes. The ridge 24 is preferably integral with the inner shoe 23 but this is not essential and shims can be used in place of an integral ridge.

The outer shoe |5 slides in the channel or stile runway between the blind stop 29 and parting strip 30 in the same manner as the upper sash of any conventional double hung sash window. The sash H is counterbalanced by a weight 32 connected to the sash by a cable 33 which passes over a pulley 34 and connects with a hook 36 at the top of the inner shoe 23 as shown in Fig. 6. Spring balances which are used in place of weights in some modern houses, may, of course, be used in the same way with this invention. The counter-balancing of this invention is just as effective when the sashes are swung open as casements, as when they slide up and down as ordinary sashes.

A second inner shoe 38, shown in Figs. 5 and 7, is connected to the outer shoe l5 at the level of the lower hinge l3. The construction and attachment of the inner shoe 38 is the same as that already described for the inner shoe 23, except that there is no hook 36 because no counter-weight cord is attached to the lower inner shoe 38.

The window has a lower sash 4| which includes an outer shoe 42 (Fig. 2) connected to the main body portion of the sash by hinges 43 near the right edge of the sash. The lower sash has an inner shoe, track, counterweight and other construction similar to the upper sash already described, but the track for the lower sash is located in the stile runway in front of the parting strip 30, that being the runway in which the lower sashes of conventional windows slide.

The upright edges of the sashes I I and 4| which are remote from their hinged connections with the shoes 5 and 42 slide in the stile runways behind and in front of the parting strip 30 in the usual way. Weather stripping 41 is used in these runways in the illustrated embodiment of the invention. The sashes slide up and down in the frame, the hinges 3 of the upper sash being short enough to pass the lower sash. The window can be locked closed by the usual window lock 49.

The conventional window frame for double hung sash has a removable portion of the pulley stile through which access may be had to the weight pocket of the frame. In applying this invention to a conventional window, the removable portion of the pulley stile is taken out and the opening enlarged to make it somewhat longer than the height of the sash. While the pieces cut out of the stile can be connected with the removable portion to make the larger movable portion for this invention, it is more economical to save the labor by substituting a single piece of wood previously cut to fit the enlarged cut-out portion.

Fig. 5 shows a movable portion 5| of the pulley stile 20. This movable portion has stop plates 52 fastened to the upper and lower ends by screws 53. These stop plates 52 extend behind the fixed portions of the pulley stile 20 above and below the movable portion 5| and prevent the movable portion from moving out beyond the position shown in Fig. 5 in which the surfaces of the movable portion 5| are flush with the surfaces of the fixed part of the stile.

The track I9 is made in three sections as shown in Fig. 8, the lengths of the sections being such that the breaks 55 correspond with the upper and lower ends of the movable portion 5| of the pulley stile.

Springs 51 (Fig. 5) fastened to the fixed part of the pulley stile 20 by bolts 58 bear against the top plates 52 and hold the movable portion 5| of the pulley stile in its normal forward position shown in Fig. 5.

When the outer shoe I5 is on that section of the track l9 which is fastened to the movable portion 5| of the pulley stile the sash I can be pushed to the left, against the tension of the springs 51, far enough to make its edge which is remote from the hinges |3 come out of the stile runway in which it slides. The sash is then free to swing on its hinges l3.

It is necessary for the parting strip 30 to move back with the movable portion of the pulley stile,

otherwise the hinge l3 (see Figure 3) would strike the parting strip and prevent the sash from moving back far enough to clear the guide channel on the other side of the window. The movable portion of the pulley stile on the left hand side of the frame permits the sash II to move far enough to the left so that its free swinging edge clears the hinge edge of sash 4|, when that sash is swung open, as shown in Figure 1.

The strength of the springs 51 is such that the sash can be easily pushed laterally to clear the stile runway on the side away from the hinges when it is to be swung open in casement fashion, but the springs 51 are strong enough to hold the movable portion 5| of the pulley stile in the position shown in Fig. 5 during the ordinary up and down sliding movement of the sash. Best results are obtained by having the lower spring 51 under somewhat greater tension than the upper spring because the sash is counterbalanced on the hinged side only and that creates a tendency for the entire movable assembly, when in the position shown in Fig. 5, to rotate clockwise about the upper end of the top stop plate 52 as a center,

and such movement is prevented by the lower spring 51. Heavier sashes require stronger springs.

The lower sash 4| has a movable portion 60 of the pulley stile behind the track on which' the lower sash slides. This movable portion 60 is similar in construction to the portion 5| already described but is, of course, a portion of the forward runway instead of the rearward runway. It is a feature of the construction that the movable portions and Bil-ofthe pulley stiles for both sashes are at the same height above the window sill 62." It is much more convenient to push the sashes laterally to clear the stile runways and swing the sashes open when the sashes in. the lower part of the frame, In"fact a short person standing on the floor might not be able to push a sash laterally if the movement had to be made with the sash near the top of the frame and almost out of reach.

It is anothe r feature of the invention that the movable portions 5| of the pulley stiles are longer than the heights of the sashes. This makes it unnecessary tolocate the sash accurately before pushing it laterally preparatory to swinging it open.

The invention is not limited to wooden frames or to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings. Various changes and modifications can be madewithout departing from the invention as defined in the claims.

We claim:

1. A double-hung sash window including a frame having a pulley stile on each side, a pulley near the upper end of each pulley stile, a weight box behind each pulley stile, and channels on the inner sides'of the pulley stiles, for guiding both sides of each sash, at least a portion of each stile below the pulley being movable outwardly to permit the sash to move out of its channel on the other pulley stile, and spring means connected to a wall of the weight box and thrushing against the movable portion of the pulley stile in a direction to urge said movable portion inward.

2. A double-hung sash window construction having a vertical hinged joint in at least one of the sashes near one edge so that the sash can swing open about a vertical axis, a pulley stile forming the bottom of parallel channels in which the sashes slide, a section of said pulley stile along the channel for the jointed sash being movable to increase the depth of the channel, spring means connected to a fixed portion of the pulley stile and thrusting against the movable portion of the pulley stile in the direction of the sash, and abutments which stop further movement of said movable portion when it reaches a position flush with the fixed portion of the stile.

3. In a double-hung sash window construction having at least one sash jointed near one vertical edge for swinging movement in addition to its sliding movement, a sash weight connected to the jointed side of the sash and serving as a counter balance for that sash, and having guides in which the jointed sash slides, the guide on the jointed side of said sash being movable in a direction to shift the sash clear of the guide on the opposite side; the improvement of relatively flat guide means and springs yieldably holding the movable guide in a normal position for guiding the sliding movement of the sash, said springs being constructed and arranged to leave a clear space behind the guide means for passage of the sash weight when the guide means is in normal position.

4. In a window frame for double-hung sash constructed to both swing and slide, a pulley stile having a movable portion extending for a height greater than the height of one sash, spring means attached to the outside of the fixed portion of the pulley stile adjacent the ends of the movable portion and bearing against the outside of the movable portion to urge it inward, and abutments in position to stop further inward movement ofthe movable portion when it comes into alignment with the fixed portion of the stile.

5. A window frame having vertical guides for a sliding sash, and a pulley stile having a fixed portion and an intermediate movable portion of a height at least as great as the height of a sash, two leaf springs connected to the fixed portion of the pulley stile above and below the intermediate portion and extendingover the opposite ends of'that portionof the pulley stile to hold it in alignment with the fixed portion.

6. A window includinga frame having vertical side members, guides on said side members, upper and lower sashes slidable in the guides, at least one of said sashes having a vertical hinged joint near one edge so that the major portion of the sash has a swinging as well as a sliding movement, a single counterbalance connected with the jointed sash on the hinge side of said sash, a movable portion in the side member along the counter balance side of the sash and along an intermediate portion of the length of the side member, and spring means behind the movable portion of the side member yieldably holding the intermediate movable portion in alignment with the fixed portions at the ends of said side member. I

7. A window frame for a sliding and swinging window, said frame comprising vertical side members, guides for slidingsashes including an undercut track having two aligned sections extending vertically and supported from the frame, one of said sections being movable transversely in a direction away from the sash, and. spring means yieldably holding the movable section of track in alignment with the other section.

8. A double-hung sash window including a frame having parallel guideways along which the sashes slide, said guideways being formed by a parting strip between the sashes and stops in front of and behind the sashes, an undercut track in one of the guideways for the upper sash, a similar track on the guideway for the other side of the lower sash; shoes slidable on the tracks and connecting each sash to its respective track, each of said tracks being fixed along a part of its length and having another part of its length movable sideways far enough to shift the sash out of the guideway for the opposite edge of the sash, and spring means yieldably holding the movable section of track in alignment with the fixed portion of said track.

9. A window comprising a frame having a vertically extending side member, a track connected to said side member, a sash jointed near one vertical edge for swinging movement, means connecting that edge with the track for sliding movement along said track, the connecting means being constructed and arranged to embrace the track and hold the sash against displacement away from the track, the side member having a movable portion and the track including a plurality of sections one of which is at least as long as the sash and connected to the movable portion of the side member, and two springs one at the upper and the other at the lower end of the movable portion of the side member for yieldably holding said movable portion in a position which aligns the track sections, the lower of said springs being under greater tension than the upper to oif-set the cantilever loading which the sash imposes on the movable section of track.

10. A double-hung sash window including a frame having a pulley stile on each side and vertically extending members forming two parallel channels along each pulley stile, upper and lower sashes which slide in said channels, a hinged joint in one of the sashes near the right-hand 5 -side of that sash, a hinged joint in the other of said sashes near its left-hand side, an undercut track in that channel in which the jointed side of each sash slides, shoes fitting the tracks and holding the sashes to their respective tracks, each of the pulley stiles including a movable portion under the track extending for a distance at least as great as the height of the sash, and each track being in sections, one of which is connected WILLIAM C. JONES. GUSTAV SIESE. 

